Tenses in English
Test YourSelf in Tenses
Present Tense:If the verb expresses,the action done in theS present time ,without indicating the state of action and does not tell us anything about the completeness or incompleteness of the action,then the verb is said to be in the Simple Present tense.
Example: Tom works hard.
Agreement of the verb with the Subject in present tense: Rule (1)The verb agree with the subject in number and person. Example:(1) The bird flies (2)The birds fly (3)He is wise(4)They are wise (5)I am poor (6)He is poor
Structure of Simple Present tense:Simple English sentence mainly consists of Subject , verb and Object.Here Subject is doer of action and Object is on which action is perform.Verb denotes action.In Simple present tense first form(V1) is used so the ideal structure of simple present tense would be as follow.
Subject +Verb(V1)+Object
We shall take example of verb "go" with Subject I,You ,We,They ,Boys(Plural number)
I go to market
You go to market
We go to market
They go to market.
Boys go to market
With third person singular number He,She it,Boy the "s" or "es" is added depending on end of verb.
He goes to market
She goes to market
It goes to market.
Boy goes to market
(2)Simple Past tense:-It is used to express an action that took place in past time.
Example: (1)Tom worked hard.
(2)I went to the cinema last night.
Structure Of Simple past tense:- Subject+V2(second form of verb)+Object.
(3)Simple future tense:-
It is used to express some future action or event.
Example:-I shall go to Lucknow tomorrow
(b) He will come here on Sunday.
Structure of Simple future tense:-
Subject+shall/will+Verb+Object (Plus sign here may show "Article", Conjuctions.,Preposition adjective or adverb)
(4) Present continuous Tense:-
Sentence shows that the action is still going on or continuing I.e the action is incomplete ,unfinished, imperfect or continuous.Hence the verb is said to be in the present continuous tense.
Example :-
(1)I am loving .
(2)The leaves are falling on the ground
Structure:-
Subject+(helping verb)+verb+ing+object Subject and helping verb:-
I--am
You,we they,plural Subject(Boys)---are
He,She ,it,singular Subject (boy)---is
(4)Past continuous tense:-It is used to express an action begun and continuing in past time.
Example:-
(1)We were playing when you came.
(2)She was singing when I saw her.
Structure:-
Subject +helping verb +verb+ing+object
Subject and helping verb:-
I--was
You -were
We-were
They-were
Plural subject(Boys)--were
He-was
She-was
It-was
Singular Subject(boy,)--was
(5)Future continuous tense:-It is used to express an action that will be continuing at some point :in future time.
Example:-
(1)We shall be sleeping then.
(2)The girl will be singing then.
Structure :-
Subject+will/shall+ be+verb+ing +Object
Note and explanation:-
Any Subject can be used as Subject in structure.
(6)Present Perfect Tense:-It expresses,an action begun in the past time and completed at the present time.
Example:-
(1)The sun has set .
(2)The train has arrived.
(3)The boys have learnt theirlesson.
Structure:
Subject +have/has + V3 +Object
Singular Subject --has
Plural Subject--have
(7)Past perfect tense:-It is used when we wish to say that some action had been completed before another was commenced. It should not be used unless to show that one past event happened before another.
Example:-
(1)The rain had stopped before you arrived.
(2)The thief had run away before the police came.
(3)I reached the school before the bell rang.
(4)Harry had died before the doctor came.
Structure:-
Subject+had+v3+Object +another event
(8)Future Perfect tense:-It denotes that the action will be completed in the future before another future action takes place. (The verb expressing the previous future action action is put into the Future perfect tense).
Example
(1) I shall have written my letter before he comes.
(2)We shall have reached home before the rain falls.
(3)You will have met your mother before I see you again.
(4)You will have heard this news already.
Structure
Subject+shall/have+v3 +Object +future event
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